Whether you're hiking, camping or enjoying the outdoors, it's important to remember that black bears and other wildlife could be in the area. Learn how to reduce your chances of a bear encounter in Strathcona County, and what to do if one happens.

Bear signs and identification

• Tracks: Black bear tracks have five toes and a wide heel pad. Front prints are more rounded, while rear prints are longer and look like a human foot. Claw marks are often visible ahead of the toes.
• Scat (bear droppings): Varies in shape and size depending on diet. Often contains berries, seeds, fur or insect parts. Fresh scat means a bear may be nearby.
• Tree markings: Black bears may scratch, bite or rub trees to mark territory. Look for vertical claw marks, stripped bark or fur stuck to the bark.
• Digging: Bears dig for roots, insects or small mammals. Watch for overturned logs or rocks, disturbed soil, shallow pits or dug-up anthills.

On trails

• Stay alert: Always be aware of your surroundings.
• Follow signage: Watch for trail closures or bear activity notices.
• Make noise: Talk or sing loudly while walking; this works better than bear bells.
• Keep your ears open: Avoid headphones or earbuds so you can hear what's around you.
• Watch for signs: Fresh tracks, scat or digging mean a bear may be nearby. Leave if signs are fresh or you find a carcass.
• Travel smart: Hike in groups and during daylight when possible.
• Manage attractants: Keep food, garbage and scented items stored properly.
• Carry bear spray: Keep it handy and know how to use it. Alberta Parks how-to video resource.

At a campsite

• Keep it clean: Never leave garbage or food scraps unattended.
• Store food safely: Put all food and toiletries (like toothpaste and soap) in bear-proof containers overnight.
• Dispose of waste properly: Use bear-proof bins. Seal garbage in plastic bags. Pour dish water into toilets or seal and bin it.
• Don't burn food scraps: Bears are drawn to food smells, even from ashes.

Bear encounters

• Stop and stay calm: Sudden movements or loud screams can trigger an attack.
• Never run: This could make the bear chase you.
• Group up: Pick up small children and stay together
• Let the bear identify you: Standing on hind legs shows curiosity, not aggression.
• Speak calmly: Use a firm, calm voice to show you're human.
• Prepare your bear spray: Check the wind before using.
• Keep your gear: Backpacks and poles can help protect you.

Bear behaviour

If the bear approaches you

Stay calm and ready your bear spray. Assess the bear's behaviour and try to figure out why it's approaching.

If the bear seems defensive

The bear may be protecting food or cubs, or it may be startled. Stay calm, and look for signs of vocalization, swaying or appearing agitated. If it advances, stand your grown and prepare your bear spray to use if it comes within four metres (12 feet).

If the bear is not defensive

The bear may be curious or testing dominance. Speak firmly and move out of its path; if it follows, stop and stand your ground. Act assertively by shouting, waving your arms or raising your poles to appear larger. If it advances, stand your grown and prepare your bear spray to use if it comes within four metres (12 feet).